Airway Problems
What are airway problems in children, and why are they serious?
Airway problems in children occur when something blocks part of the airway—such as the throat, voice box (larynx), or windpipe (trachea). These blockages make it hard for your child to breathe and can become life-threatening if not treated quickly.
What can cause airway problems in children?
There are many possible causes of airway issues in children, including:
- Allergies
- Asthma
- Infections such as croup, bronchitis, or bacterial illnesses
- Vocal cord problems
- Foreign objects placed in the nose or mouth
- Swelling of the tongue or throat (epiglottis)
- Chronic conditions such as cystic fibrosis or pediatric COPD
- Trauma to the neck or throat
Because children have smaller, more delicate airways, even minor swelling or blockage can cause significant breathing problems.
What are common symptoms of airway issues in children?
Symptoms may appear suddenly or develop over time and include:
- Trouble breathing or shortness of breath
- Wheezing or noisy breathing
- Choking or gagging
- Bluish tint to lips or skin (cyanosis)
- Agitation, confusion, or panic
- Unresponsiveness or fainting in severe cases
How do doctors diagnose airway problems in children?
To find the cause of the problem, your child’s doctor may order:
- X-rays of the neck or chest
- A laryngoscopy (looking at the voice box with a small camera)
- A bronchoscopy (examining the lungs and airways)
- These tests help locate blockages and determine the best treatment.
How are airway problems in children treated?
Treatment depends on what’s causing the issue and how serious it is. Options may include:
- Medications such as steroids or epinephrine to reduce swelling
- Inhalers or breathing treatments for asthma or allergic reactions
- Removing foreign objects if something is stuck
- Emergency procedures, like the Heimlich maneuver, to clear the airway
- Breathing tubes (like a tracheostomy) or oxygen if your child cannot breathe on their own
- CPR if your child stops breathing
In any emergency where a child is having trouble breathing, call 911 immediately.
If you wish to be advised on your condition and the most appropriate treatment, please call to schedule an appointment or click here to request an appointment online.
